Elena Vyacheslavovna Terskaya

The migration of the water-soluble fraction of petroleum hydrocarbons in typical soils of Bashkortostan is studied. In a lysimetric model experiment, the possibility of water migration of petroleum hydrocarbons in Fluvic Phaeozems, Haplic Phaeozems and Amphiskeletic Pantocalcic Chernozems was revealed. Among the dissolved organic substances that pass into lysimetric waters from oil-contaminated soils, the components that are not extracted by hexane, but have fluorescence in water at the wavelengths typical for petroleum products are revealed. These substances differ from soluble organic matter of background soils by higher HIX humification indices and presumably represent oxidized products of transformation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Lysimetric waters from all oil-contaminated soils are characterized by biotoxicity, regardless of the presence of non-polar petroleum hydrocarbons. The toxicity T-index positively correlates with the content of dissolved organic carbon and chloride ions that accompany soils oil pollution.