Natalia Petrovna Kirillova

Two directions of soil research digitalization were identified and discussed. The first one is the creation and maintenance of databases with the reflectance spectra in the region of 300—2500 nm for the upper soil horizons coupled with their main physico)chemical properties. The second one is the accumulation and updating of already published spectra in the visible range (400—750 nm), with the inclusion of data on all horizons of the soil profile, allowing to perform horizons diagnostics, as well as the whole profile identification. The second direction commonly uses the soil color indicators, both in international optical systems and in Russian specific indicator systems. The algorithms can be used to study openaccess global soil libraries.

Soils play an important role in the biogeochemical carbon cycle; therefore, in connection with the problem of global
climate change, special attention is paid to the assessment of soil organic matter reserves. The level of accumulation
of organic matter in the soil is the result of the interaction of many factors that regulate the processes of its transformations, which determines its high spatial variability. The degree of soil moisture is one of the leading factors that
aff ect the reserves of organic carbon in them. The moisture factor is of particular importance when assessing carbon stocks in the soils of the forest zone, which accounts for 70% of the area of all semihydromorphic soils in Russia According to the literature data, the organic carbon reserves in semihydromorphic forest soils are several times higher than in automorphic ones. To refi ne regional estimates of organic carbon stocks in soils in the forest zone of Russia, information is needed on the variability of carbon stocks in forest soils and its dependence on moisture conditions. In this paper, we discuss the results of a comparative statistical analysis of the variability of organic carbon stocks in automorphic and semihydromorphic forest soils. To estimate the stocks of soil carbon and calculate the quantitative indicators of their variability, we used information from two sources: the database «Organic carbon of soils of forest ecosystems in the European territory
of Russia» and the soil-geographical database of Russia [4]. The information was collected into a single array, which
includes the characteristics of 289 soil profiles of forest ecosystems. Of these, 201 sections characterize automorphic
soils and 88 sections characterize semihydromorphic soils. The results of statistical analysis showed that organic
carbon stocks (including litter) in semihydromorphic soils are characterized by higher variability, as evidenced by a larger range of changes, interquartile range, and higher standard deviations. The organogenic horizon makes the greatest contribution to the total variability of carbon stocks in soils of forest ecosystems under increased moisture. For it, the values of the standard deviation in semihydromorphic soils are 7 times higher than in automorphic soils, while the diff erences for a meter thick soil are fourfold.