Anna Alexandrovna Kokoreva
State Scientific Institution "All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology"
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Long- term research on physical properties of soils in the MSU Large lysimeters: main results of the first 60 years (1961–2021)Moscow University Bulletin. Series 17. Soil science. 2021. 3. p.4-20Aminat B. Umarova Tatiana A. Arkhangelskaia Anna Al. Kokoreva Zakhar S. Ezhelev Nikolai An. Shnyrev Victoria N. Kolupaeva Tatiana V. Ivanova Konstantin V. Shishkinread more770
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The results of 60-year research on physical properties of soils in the MSU large lysimeters are discussed. The
questions under study were the elements of soil water balance, soil evolution, soil temperature regime, and transport of various substances in soil profile. The long-term changes in soil texture, soil mineralogy, and organic carbon content were observed. It was shown that the horizon sequence in soil profile affects the intensity of drainage flux and its stabilization in the long-term aspect. It was also found that the amount of the transit transfer of substances in different soil profiles depended both on profile structure and upper boundary conditions.Keywords: drainage flux; layered soils; types of meliorative soil cultivation; water balance; preferential flow; temperature regime; soil evolution; soil profile structure; pesticides
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Assessment of bioremediation capacity and environmental regulation of urban soils on benz(a)pyrene pollutionMoscow University Bulletin. Series 17. Soil science. 2021. 4. p.67-76read more739
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Methodological problems of the quantitative assessment of pollution of urban soils by benzo(a)pyrene and their bioremediation are considered by the example of the Moscow metropolis. Available materials of scientific publications and official reports of the «Mosecomonitoring» municipal system about pollution of urban soils by benzo(a)pyrene and the patterns of its dynamics were used. The methodological basis of the study was mathematical modeling, including both non-linear regression analysis in the S-Plot-11 program and numerical computer simulation in the Matlab-7 software. Analysis of published materials reveals at least a double excess of the maximum permissible level of pollution of urban soils by benzo(a)pyrene at 70% of the territory of the Moscow metropolis, with a high probability of an extremely high degree of pollution in several dozen MPCs at 10% of the city's area. Unlike known works in this field, the study links such a negative situation not with the resistance of benzo(a)pyrene in soils, but with its high technogenic load. A simple kinetic model, verified for experimental information on biodegradation of benzo(a)pyrene in soils, makes it possible to assess the permissible limits of technogenic load, guaranteeing the self-cleaning of urban soils from this dangerous pollutant in the conditions of Moscow.
Keywords: benzo(a)pyrene contamination of Moscow soils; biodegradation; bioremediation; permissible loads; mathematical modeling
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